Sexually transmitted infections and factors associated with risky sexual practices among female sex workers: A cross sectional study in a large Andean city.

BACKGROUND: There are limited published data on factors related to risky sexual practices (RSP) affecting sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among female sex workers (FSWs) in Ecuador. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of FSWs presenting for a consultation in a primary health care centre during 2017. A questionnaire was administered to collect information on RSP and potential risk factors including age, membership of an FSW association, self-report of previous STI diagnosis, previous treatment for suspected STI and temporary migration for sex work. Associations between RSP and potential risk factors were estimated by logistic regression. The proportion of STI was estimated from vaginal swabs by real-time PCR for four sexually transmitted pathogens (Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas vaginalis, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Mycoplasma genitalium). RESULTS: Of 249 FSWs recruited, 22.5% had reported RSPs at least once during sex work. Among FSWs reporting unprotected vaginal sex in the previous three months, 25.5% had at least one other RSP type. 17.6% (95%CI 13.3-22.8) had at least one active STI. Prevalence of co-infections was 2.4% (95%CI 1.1-5.2). In multivariable analysis, RSP was associated with age (adjusted OR 1.06; 95%CI 1.02-1.10), membership of an FSWs association (aOR 3.51; 95%CI 1.60-7.72) and self-reported previous STI (aOR 3.43; 95%CI 1.28-9.17). CONCLUSIONS: Among a population of female sex workers with high proportion of STIs, increasing age and belonging to an FSWs association was associated with a higher likelihood of engaging in RSP with clients. Engaging with FSWs organisations may reduce the burden of STI among sex workers.

Infecciones por staphylococcus aureus oxacilino - resistentes de la comunidad en un Hospital de Quito / Staphylococcus aureus oxacillin infections - community resistant in a Quito hospital

El staphylococcus aureus es el patógeno aislado con mayor frecuencia tanto en las infecciones de la comunidad como las adquiridas en el hospital. Sin embargo el staphylococcus aureus resistente a la oxacilina (ORSA) es un patógeno nosocomial primario, considerado siempre dentro del ambiente hospitalario. Recientemente ha surgido a nivel comunitario, una variedad de S. aureus resistente a la oxicilina con patrones de sensibilidad muy distintos al clásico ORSA hospitalario. Este agente microbiano es un patógeno emergente y las infecciones que produce se comportan como tales, afectando principalmente a niños e individuos jóvenes. Están fundamentalmente asociados a la piel y tejidos blandos así como respiratorias severas. Durante el año 2004 se aislaron de diversas muestras clínicas cultivadas en el Hospital Vozandes, 343 Staphylococcus aureus provenientes de procesos infecciosos de 415 pacientes. de estos 257 pacientes fueron atendidos en los servicios de emergencia y consulta externa correspondiendo al 74,9% de los aislamientos. Un total de 31 aislamientos (9%) fueron cepas oxacilino-resistentes. La resistencia mayor se presentó en ciprofloxacino con el 12,9% (4 aislamientos), ninguna presentó resistencia a rifampicina.

Staphylococcus aureus is the most frequently isolated pathogen in both community-acquired and hospital-acquired infections. However, oxacillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (ORSA) is a primary nosocomial pathogen, always considered within the hospital environment. Recently, a variety of oxycillin-resistant S. aureus has emerged at the community level with sensitivity patterns very different from the classic hospital ORSA. This microbial agent is an emerging pathogen and the infections it produces behave as such, mainly affecting children and young individuals. They are fundamentally associated with the skin and soft tissues as well as severe respiratory. During 2004, 343 Staphylococcus aureus from infectious processes of 415 patients were isolated from various clinical samples cultured at the Vozandes Hospital. of these 257 patients were attended in the emergency and outpatient services, corresponding to 74.9% of the isolates. A total of 31 isolates (9%) were oxacillin-resistant strains. The greatest resistance was presented in ciprofloxacin with 12.9% (4 isolates), none presented resistance to rifampicin.

Aislamiento de la bacteria CDC grupo Nº-1, un "Nuevo" Bacilo Gram negativo asociado con la mordedura de perro / Isolation of the CDC group Nº-1 bacteria, a "New" Gram negative Bacillus associated with dog bite

La bacteria CDC grupo NO-1 es una bacteria asociada a las mordeduras de perros y gatos en individuos sanos. De 1974 a 1998, 22 aislamientos han sido identificados en Estados Unidos por el laboratorio de referencia " Centros para el control y prevención de las enfermedades" conocidos como CDC. La bacteria tiene características similares a Acinectobacter, pero se diferencia por su morfología celular y su superficie de ácidos grasos. Reportamos el caso de un paciente de 16 años de edad que fue mordido por un perro en el miembro inferior izquierdo, desarrollo una celulitis y en el cultivo de la secreción purulenta se identifico la bacteria NO-1, mediante el sistema Remel, ERIC! ( Electronic RapID NF plus) para no fermentadores (RapID NF plus) con el código 000002. El paciente recibió un esquema terapéutico de ampicilina/sulbactam y evolucionó favorablemente. El reporte de este aislamiento es importante debido a que la incidencia de esta bacteria es prácticamente desconocida y está considerada como una zoonosis emergente. Referirla pondrá en alerta a los médicos y a los laboratorios que podrían no reconocerla y pasarla por alto.

The CDC group NO-1 bacterium is a bacterium associated with dog and cat bites in healthy individuals. From 1974 to 1998, 22 isolates have been identified in the United States by the reference laboratory "Centers for Disease Control and Prevention" known as CDC. The bacterium has characteristics similar to Acinectobacter, but it is differentiated by its cellular morphology and its fatty acid surface. We report the case of a 16-year-old patient who was bitten by a dog in the lower left limb, developed cellulite and the NO-1 bacteria was identified in the culture of the purulent secretion, using the Remel system, ERIC! (Electronic RapID NF plus) for non-fermenters (RapID NF plus) with the code 000002. The patient received an ampicillin / sulbactam treatment regimen and did well. The report of this isolation is important because the incidence of this bacterium is practically unknown and is considered an emerging zoonosis. Referring her will alert doctors and laboratories that may not recognize her and overlook her.